Heater



B. B. KAHN Sept. 10, 1929.

HEATER Filed May '7, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 /O INVENTOR.

@Amd IMM BY Mb/Mdm ATTORNEYS.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 JNVENTOR.

BY M

ATTORNEYS.

AAZO

B. B. KAHN HEATER Filed May 7, 1928 Sept. 10, 1929.

Sept. 10, 1929. B, B, KAHN 1,727,714

HEATER Filed May 7, 1928 5 sheets-sheet 4 IN VEN TOR.

Sept. 10, 1929. B, B KAHN 1,727,714

HEATER Filed May '7, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 /4/ INVENTOR.

5M /fa/'Y* BY l ina/@Zalm 770@ A TT ORNEY S.

Patented Sept. 1.0. 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERTRAND B. HAHN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO 'THE ESTATE STOVE COM- PANY, OF HAMILTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

HEATER.

Application led May 7, 1928. Serial No. 275,793.

This invention relates to heaters and is concerned primarily with circulation-type convection heaters such as are adapted to be used in the living room or the like to heat the air therein primarily by convection.

One object of the invention is the provision of a heater of this type adapted for the burn ing of gaseous fuel, and relates to certain novel features-of construction which will be 10 apparent and will be more fully set forth in the following ings, in 'which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a heater embodying the present invention; 1 Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through the heater-on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a central section through the heater taken at right angles t0 the section shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bottom-supporting plate or casting showing the gas burners and radiante mounted in position, some of these parts being broken away or removed for purpose of illustration;

specification and in the draw- F ig. 7 is a detail of the door frame of thel combustionchamber casting; Fig. 8 is a detail of section;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9 9 through the assembled door frame and door-frame clamp section; and

Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig.. L

Referring more particularly to the drawings by reference numerals the heater `as shown in Figs. 1 and 2-comprises an outer casing 10 of substantially rectangular crosssection throughout its height and embodies a front section 11, rear section 12 and the two side sections 18 and 14. Each of these seetions is preferably formed of grained or enameled sheet metal such as iron or steel and each section is comparatively flat, the sections being assembled together at their edges by means of the U-shaped clamp pieces 15 as shown in Fig. 5.

The two side sections 13 and 14 of the the door-frame clamp heater are provided with a series of louvers 18 and 19 respectively, these louvers being situated adjacent the lower part of the casing 10 to provide for the entrance of the circulating air to be heated. The rear section 12 is also provided with a series of louvers 20 adjacent the lower part of the heater casing, and an open work grid 21 is provided adjacent the lower portion of the front section 11. These various openings at the lower portions of the casing sectionsprovide for the free entrance of a large volume of circulating air into the heater and the louvers are preferably downwardly directed as shown so that the` air flowing into the heater travels in an upward direction into contact with the heated walls of the heater, within the casing, and so that radiated heat may, generally, be directed downwardly against the floor to warm the floor. l

The various side sections of the heater casing rest upon a bottom-supporting plate or casting 24 which in turn is supported by means of the four feet 25 which rest on the Hoor. The upper edges of the four heater sections provide a support on which rests the top cover 26, this cover being formed as a casting having a large number of comparatively large slots or openings 27 providing for the free exitof air from the top of the heater. The portions of the four heater-casing sections etween the air-inlet openings at the lower portion of the casing and the air-exit openings at'the top of the heater, as shown, are imperforate so that the air is compelled to flow upwardly through the heater for the full length of the imperforate casing before it is permitted to travel out of the exit openings at the top.

lThe bottom-supporting plate or casting 24 is bolted to the four feet 25 by means of the bolts 30, and the periphery of the supporting casting is provided with a flanged portion 81 adapted to receive the bottom edges of the casing sections 11, 12,513 and 14. This supporting casting .24 is substantially rectangular in shape as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and is provided with two long wide slots 32 aud 33 extending transversely of the heater. Above 'these slots, and mounted on the vvsupporting plate 24 are the two gas burners 34 and 35 each of which is provided with outwardly exply piping 38 having a nozzle 39 for each burner each of which is received in the belled end 40 v thereof. Primary combustion air is supplied through suitable openings in the belled ends 40 and mixes with the gas supplied from the nozzles 39. Connection may be made through the attachment 41 to an available gas-supply pipe. The supporting plate 24 is provided with upwardly extending supporting lugs 43 at the sides of the burners, and with lugs 44 between the burners on which rest the two radiants 45 and 46.`

These radiants are formed of suitably refractory material so that they may pick up the heat of the products of combustion quickly and come up to a comparatively high temperature in a rapid manner. The two radi.

ants are similar in construction each being provided with a series of slots 47 and having forwardly facing curved surfaces 48 which present a large surface to the front ofthe heater Visible through an adjacent `door or Window to be later described. The radiante are shaped so that they are spaced a litt-le distance away from the direct eilect of Athe primary cone of the burning gas, but the general arrangement is such that when the 'gas `is burning beneath the radiants they are maintained in a luminousstate and at a comparatively high temperature to present a pleasing appearance throughv the door or window in the front of the heater. The control of the gas is manually effected by means of the two control knobs 49 v and 50 which operate suitable valves 51 to independently control the gas supplied to the two burners. The knobs 49 and 50 are preferably provided with index pointers 52 which cooperate with the scales 53 provided at the bottom of the side section 14 of the casing. In order to provide for the lighting of the gas after it has been turned on manually, lighting holes 54 are provided in the side section 14 of the casing, these.holes being arranged above the control knobs 49 and 50 adjacent vvthe side ends ofthe burners so that a match may be applied through the holes for the lighting of the gas. As shown in Fig. 3 the upper parts of the burners are extended towards the side of the heater as indicated at 56 these parts being close to the lighting holes 54 and 55. The supply of gas may be automatically regulated to maintain the room at a proper predetermined temperature. As shown in Fig. 2 the supply pipe 55 which is connected to the two burners for the supply of gas, is provided with an automatic valve 57 adapted to be automatically opened or closed to permit or stop the flow of gas to the burners. A thermostat 58 placed in the space warmed by the heater automatically closes and opens an electric circuit including the operating means for the valve 57, as the temperature of the air within the space being heated iuctuates above or below the predetermined temperature. The temperature of the room can thus automatically be kept at a desired temperature without attention. A small pilot connection 59 connected to the supply pipe 55 ahead of valve 57 maintains a small pilot flame adjacent the burners at all times so thatwhen the valve 57 is closed the pilot flame is maine tained, ready to light the main gas supply at the burners when the valve 57 is opened again. v

Below the burners and below the supporting casting 24 is a heat-reflecting and insulating plate 60, this plate in the construction shown in Fig. 10, comprising outer metal sheets of iron or steel indicated at 61 and 62, between which 'are heat-insulating sheets 63 and 64, and between these sheets is a corrugated sheet of insulating material 65, these insulating sheets of material being preferably formed of asbestos or the like. The floor is thus protected from the heat generated by the combustion of the gaseous fuel at the burners. v v

The heat-insulating plate GO extends at its sides to a point rather close to the front and rear edges of the supporting casting 24 to which it is fastened by means of the straps 66, these straps beingy riveted or bolted as indicated at 67 to the sides of the sheet 6() and being bolted, as indicated at 68 to the lower surface of the peripheral portion of the supporting casting 24. Secondary air of combustion is supplied through the space 69 between the edges of the insulating plate 60 and the peripheral portions of the supporting plate or casting to which it is fastened.'

Resting upon the bottom-supporting casting and surrounding the gas burners and the radiants is a combustion-chamber casting 70 having a rectangular cross-section generally similar to the cross-sectional shape of the casing. The bottom of this casting is flanged outwardly and is provided with a series of attaching holes 71 bymeans of which it may be fastened by suitable bolts to the bottomsupporting plate. As shown the combustionchamber casting 7 0 tapers upwardly in crosssectional dimensions so that a free entrance of air through the louvres or openings in the various sections of the heater casing may be eifected. At` one side of the combustionchamber casting the latter is extended as shown at 72 to provide a hood over the ends 56 of the burners adjacent the lighting holes'.

Small openings 7 3 are provided in this hood adjacent the lighting holes 54 so that the Ase lighting of the gas at the burners may be effected.

The top of the combustion-chamber casting 7 0 is provided with a double flange 75 to provide a groove 7 6 extending completely around the upper end of the casting 70. Resting in thisgroove is a wall 77, approximately rectangular in cross-section. This wall s formed of corrugated sheet metal the corrugations of which are rather deep as shown in F ig. 5, the depth of these corrugations corresponding to the width of the groove 76 in which the wall rests. This wall provides with the outer `easing l0 a passage 78 for the Jfree circulation of a large volume of air through the heater. The wall 77 is spaced quite a little distance away from the sections ll, l2, lil and 14 of theheater casing to provide for the free and unrestricted flow of circulating air from the airsupply openings adjacent the lower portion of the heater to the air-exit openings at the top of the heater, and these sections of the heater casing are spaced from the wall 7 7 and from the combustionechamber casting in energyn'adiating and absorbing relationship to efficiently provide for the heating of the circulating air without, however, raising the temperature of the casing sections to an extreme temperature. By reason of this relationship the` heater operates as a circulation-type convection heater so as to heat the air in the room in which it is placed primarily by convection. The heater is of the portable type and is of pleasing appearance and is adapted to be used in a liv ing room or the like. The air passage through the heater, the air-inlet openings and the air-exit openings are all of liberal proportions to provide for the free eirculationof a large volume of air through the heater and the corrugations in the Wall 77 provide a large area of wall surface for heat-exchanging contact with the circulating air so that the heat energy liberated by the burning gas niay be transferred in an efficient manner to raise the temperature of the circulating air during its upwardv travel through the heater.

Resting upon the top of the wall 77 is a top casting 80, this casting being provided with a downwardly facing groove 8l correspending in width to the depth of the corrugations in the wall 77. The double flange 82 at the bottom. of this casting 80 provides this groove 8l. Extending between the bottom of the casting 80 and the top of the casting are a series of tie-bolts 83 the ends of these bolts extending through holes in the ends of the two castings to firmly assemble them and the wall 7 7 in their proper positions in a rigid manner. These bolts 83 are provided on the outside of the adjacent portions of the wall 77 so that they are positioned in free contact with the circulating air in the passage 78 and are thus maintained somewhat cooler than the metal of the wall 77.

Expansion' of the wall 77 when the heater is in operation thus only has the effect of tightening the clamping action of the bolts, which are slightly' cooler than the wall, and the high temperature of the parts during operation has no effect tending to loosen the joints. The joints in the top and bottom of the wall 77 are packed with suitable filling material such as cement to maintain asubstantially gas-tight'iseparation between the circulating air passage 78 and the inncr'side of the wall 7 7 where the passage 84C is filled with the burnt products of combustion.

' 'In order to provide for an efficient heating action of the circulating air and to permit the free circulation of the air through the heater lin an unrestricted manner an intensifier' 86 is supported upon the combustion-chamber I casting 70, this intensifier providing passages 87 and 88 communicating with the side portions of the circulating air passage 78. The intensifier is preferably a casting and is held in place upon the combustion-chambercasting 70 by means of supporting collars 89 and 90 which extend inwardly through openings provided in the combustion-chamber casting and are received in the ends of the passages 87 and 88. flhe joints at the collars 89 and 90 are filled with putty to prevent the passage vof the products of combustion or burnt gases into the circulating air passage' 78. The collars are preferably provided with ears or lugs 91 by means of which they are bolted in place to the sides of the combustion-chamber casting. Above the radiants theintensifier casting is upwardly bulged as indicated at 92 to provide a heating surface by means of which the air entering the two passages 87 and 88 is raised to a corn-v paratively high temperature as it flows inwardly and upwardly through the intensifier. This shaping also obviates damage t0 the intensifier member 86 due to expansion when heated. The upper portion of the intensifier casting as shown in Fig. 5 is some- 110 f what oval in cross-section the general proportions corresponding to the substantially rectangular formation of the walls and sides of the heater. Fitting into this upper por-i tion of the intensifier casting at 93 is the 115 pipe 94, this pipe being formed preferably of sheet metal and being retained in place at its upper end by means of a downwardly extending flange 95 provided on the top casting 80, the pipe 94 fitting about this flange. 120 The pipe 94 forms an intensifier passage leading upwardly directly through the passage 84 through which the hot products of combustion pass, and as these burnt gases or products of combustion are quite hot even\ after they have traveled upwardly a considerable distance from the burners the passage .96 provided by the intensifier pipe provides 80 within the flange 95 provides for the free travel of circulating air from the intensifier passage 96 and above this opening at the top casting the warmed or heated air passing through the two circulating passages 78 and 96 may mix before it passes out of the exit openings in the top cover 26. This top cover is supported by means of four corner braces 98 which rest upon the top casting 80 and on which in turn the top cover 26 rests. As previously mentioned the top cover 26 also rests on the top edges of the sections of the casting 10 of the heater, a downwardly extending outer flange 99 and downwardly exe tending lingers 100 spaced inwardly from this flange providing for the retention of the upper edges of the sections 11, 12, 13 and 14 .of the casing. Resting upon the upper part of the top cover casting 26 is a grid 102 provided with a series of slots or openings throughout its extent, this grid being removable and merely resting upon the inwardly extending flanges 103 which provide a depression for receiving the grid 102 with its top surface preferably flush with the upper part of the top cover casting 2G.

To provide for a rather tortuous passage of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber surrounding the radiants, a plurality of horizontal baliies ofshect metal are positioned within the passage which baffles are bolted or riveted to the outer surface of this pipe. As shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5` these baffles are arranged at different elevations along the vertical extent of the pi e 94 and arc in staggered arrangement, one 'afile extending to one side of the pipe and the next succeeding baiile extending to the other side of the pipe, as shown at 105, 106 and 107. The products of combustion are thus forced to travel from one side of the pipe 96 in-the passage 84 over to the other side and back ragain as the burnt gases rise upwardly, and

the time during which heat may be transferred from the hot burnt products of combustion to the circulating air is thus materially lengthened, and an excessive amount of heat is notv lost through the flue. The burnt gases traveling upwardly in the passage 84 may pass out through the pipe 108 the inner end of which is connected at 109 to the rear side of the top casting 80. This i flue )ipe 108 extends rearwardly through a suit: )le opening provided in the rear section 12 of the heater casing and a liuc connector 110 is adjustably connected by means of the flanged portion 111 to the end of the pipe 108 so that the pipe 108 may be attached in any suitable manner to a flue pipe to conduct the burnt gases out of the room. Control of the products of combustion through the Hue pipe 108 is effected by means of a butterfly valve 112 which is mounted upon a shaft 113, and which is somewhat smaller in size than the total cross-sectional area of the pipe 108 adjacent the valve so that the passage through the pipe 108 can never be entirely closed and a passage of suflicient area may always be insured for the" outlet of burnt gases suiicient to prevent the back flow of burnt gases into the room in which the heater is located. The shaft 113 on which the valve 112 is supported is regulated by means of a quadrant 115 bearing a suitable index 116 which cooperates3 with suitable marking (not shown) provided on the top of the pipe 108 so that--one can ascertain whetherhthe valveis open or closed, the index 116 pointing in the direction as the valve 112 extends. Regulation of this quadrant 115 is effected through the openings in the top casting' cover 26.

Mounted upon the rear section 12 of the casing of the heater is a vapor tank 120 having a projecting portion 121 extending outwardly of the section 12 so that water may be supplied through the top of this projection portion to maintain the tank supplied with a suitable quantity of-water so that the air discharged through the dome openings will be properly humid and so that a considerable quantity of hot water will be kept available for use when the heater is in operation. v As shown the inlet spout 121 terminates at a lower level than the body of the Vaporizer within the casing. As a result, during filling, water will overiow from the spout on the outside of the casing before the level rises suiiiciently'high in the vaporizer to overflow.

1t has been mentioned that the radiants of the heaters are visible through a door or window from the front of the heater. As shown in Fig. 4 the forward side of the combustionchamber casting is provided with the door or window 125, this door being formed as shown, of a door frame 126 and a door-frame clamp section 127 shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The door frame 126 comprises a skeleton casting which is provided with a number of openings 128. rlhe door-frame clamp section 127 is provided with a corresponding number of openings 129 and the two sections of the door are clamped together by means of bolts or screws extending through the holes 130 and 131 as indicated at 132 in Fig. 9. Within each of the vopenings provided in the door is a sheet 133 of transparent or vtranslucent material such as mica. These sheets of material extend some little distance beyond the openings and are retained by means of lugs 134 which project from the'door frame and Which are received in grooves v135 in the door-frame clamp section. 'The door frame 126 is provided with a plurality of lugs 137 suitably curved so as tollit in sockets 138 provided in the combustion-chamber casting. The door merely rests on the sockets 138 and when closed is held in its proper positionby means of a clamp finger 139 which is adjustable to any upwardly extending position on the inside of the combustion-chamber casting 70 at the upper end of the door opening therein. The fin er 139 is fixed to a short shaft -140 so that 1t may be operated by a knob 141, which may be turned to position the finger 139 horizontally, after which the door may be swung partly openy and then lifted so that it may be entirely removed. Adjacent tlie door 125 in the combustion-chamber casting is the open work iron grid 21, this grid being supported in the front section 11 of the heater casing. The grid 21 is provided with a pair of upwardly extending flanges 144 between which is received the inwardly bent flange 145 at the adjacent portion volf the section 11. The lower side of the grid has a single outer flange 146 and a retaining leaf spring 147 is fixed to the lower side of the grid, the construction being such that the grid may be inserted by an up- 'ward movement to position the iiange 145 in the top groove after which the lower part of the grid is moved into the opening in the section 11 and is retained in place by means of the spring 147. The open work grid 21 provides for a supply of air to the air-circulating passage of the heater, permits the radiants to be visible through the window 125 in the combustion-chamber casting an-d also permits radiant energy to pass therethrough so that a pleasing lighting effect giving a sense of warmth and heat is effected. The removal of the grid 21 and of the door 125 permits access when desiredto the radiants and the gas burners, and if the replacement of the gas burners is necessary for any reason this may be easily accomplished by first removing the radiants by merely lifting them away from their supports, and'then the burners may be moved to the left as viewed in Fig. 3 and lifted at the same time to disengage them Jfrom the bottom plate and the nozzle or nozzles 39.

While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a preferred embodiment fof the invention, it is to be understood that the invention lis not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A portable circulation-type convection heater adapted to be placed in a living room and heat the air therein primarily by convection comprising a gas burner, a burner supporting plate, a combustion chamber casting resting on said plate, corrugated sheet metal walls forming a passage for burnt gases extending upwardly from and terminating above the combustion chamber casting, and an outer casing supported by said supporting plate and enclosing said combustion chamber casting and walls and spaced from said radiating walls to provide an air passage of liberal proportions for the circulation of a large volume of air through the heater, said casing having air-inlet means adjacent thel lower end of said passage to admit the air to be heated, discharge means for the heated air adjacent the upper end of the passage,

said casing being imperforate in its extent between the said discharge means and the airtion of air `through the heater, an internal air duct Communicating with said air passage adjacent a lower portion of the same but above the fuel burning means and extending upwardly within said corrugated walls to provide for the passage of circulating air, and bafHes located in staggered relationship between the said pipe and the said walls to provide a tortuous passage for the burnt products of combustion.

3. A portable circulation-type convection heater adapted to be placed in a room and to heat the air therein primarily by convection comprising an outer casing, means for burning gaseous fuel enclosed in said casing, a combustion-chamber member within said casing surrounding said means, corrugated radiating walls extending upwardly from said combustion chamber and spaced from said casing to provide therewith an air passage of liberal proportions for the circulation of convection air through the heater, a top member resting on the upper' ends of said corrugated walls, and bolts interconnecting the combustion-chamber member, the radiating walls and -the top member, said bolts being located on the air passage side of the walls to be afiected less than the walls by the hot burnt gases enclosed thereby.

4. A heater comprising a casing, a combustion chamber therein, corrugated radiating walls within said casing and providing a passage for the products of combustion from the combustion chamber member, a top member at the end of the corrugated walls, and

5. A portable circulation-type convection heater adapted to be placed in a room to heat the air therein primarily by convection coinprising a casing, a gas burner within said casing, a combustion-chamber casting sui*-r rounding said gas burner, a supporting plate on winch said combustion-chamber casting and sald gas burner rest, an intensifier casting supported on said combustion-chamber casting, radiating walls supported on said combustion-chamber casting, radiating Walls supported on said intensifier casting, a top casting attached to each ot said Walls, one of said walls being formed of corrugated sheet metal to provide for an efficient transfer of heat from the burnt products of combustion to the adjacent air passage, said casing being of substantially rectangular cross-sectional outline substantially throughout its height and spaced from the walls supported on the combustion-chamber casting and spaced from the combustion-chamber casting in energy radiating and absorbing relationship therewith to provide an air passage of Vliloeral proportions for the free circulation of a large volume of air through the heater, said air passage having air-inlet means thereinto adjacent the lower end of said passage to advmit air to be heated into contact with the heated walls of said passage, and means for discharge of said heated circulating air adjacent the upper end of said passage, said casing being imperforate in its extent intermediate said discharge and inlet means.

y 6. A portable circulation-type heater comprising a combustion chamber, a radiant therein, a door in the wall of the chamber adjacent the radiant through which the radiant is visible, a casing enclosing said chamber l and door and in spaced relation therewith,

and means :tor holding the door in place to permit the quick detachment and placing of the door. j

7. A portable circulation-type convection heater adapted to be placed in a room to heat the air therein primarily by convection comprising a heating unit provided with means for burning gaseous fuel and having heatradiating walls, a radiant within said heatradiating walls, a window through which said radiant is visible from the front of the heater, said Window being closed against the passage of air or burnt-gases, an outer casing of substantially rectangular cross-sectional outline substantially throughout its height spacedfrom the said heat-radiating walls in energy radiating and absorbing relationship therewith to provide an air passage :tor the :tree circulation of a large volume of air through the heater, saidpassage having airinlet and air-outlet means adjacent the lower and upper ends of said passage respectively and being imperforate in its extent intermediate the said inlet and discharge means, said air-inlet passage including an opening in the front o'f the casing through which the radiant may be observed through the said window inthe heated walls. v

8. A portable circulation-type convection heater adapted to be placed in'a room and to heat the air therein primarily by convection l comprising a heating unit provided with a pair of gas burners extending transversely of the heater, a bottom-supporting casting on which said burners are mounted,control means for the regulation of gas to said burners located at the lower portion of one side of the heater, and an outer casing enclosing said heating unit, said casing being Aof substantiallvrectangular cross-sectional 'outline substantially throughout its heightYV and spaced from the heating unit in energy-radiating and absorbing relationship therewith to provide an air passage of liberal proportions or the free circulation of a large volume of air through the heater, said casing having air-inlet means adjacent the lower end thereof and above said bottom-supporting casting to admit air to be heated into contact with the heated walls of said passage, means for the supply of secondary air to the gas burners through the bottom of the heater and below thev bottom-supporting casting, a radiant positioned adjacent said gas burner, and means in the heated walls and in the casing for permitting the radiant to be visible from the front of the heater.

9. A portable heater adapted to heat the air in a room primarily byconvection comprising a gas burner, a burner supporting plate, a radiant resting on said supporting plate above said gas burner, a combustion chamber casting supported on said plate, corrugated sheet metal walls forming a passage for burnt gases extending upwardly from the top of the combustion chamber casting, an outer casing supported by said plate and enclosing said combustion chamber casting and said walls and spaced therefrom to provide an air passage of liberal portions for the circulation oi a large volume of air through the heater, said outer casing having air inlet means adjacent the lower end of said passage toadmit air to be heated, discharge means for the heated air adjacent the upper end of the passage and a heat insulating surace depending from said plate and spaced above the bottom of the heater for shielding' the floor below the heater from high temperatures.

- in testimony whereof I hereto aiix my signature.

BERTRAND B. KAHN. 

